The 16-acre Gemstone Estate vineyard is truly a study in terroir. Situated on a gradual, west-facing slope in the Yountville appellation of the Napa Valley, this complex and diverse site has gravelly alluvial soil layered over loamy sandstone bedrock, avoiding the vigor of deep, rich soil. The vineyard is divided into 20 micro-blocks; including eight clones of Cabernet Sauvignon, two clones each of Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Petit Verdot and one clone of Chardonnay. All of the vines are densely planted to a variety of rootstocks carefully matched to the soil. Each clonal block is farmed and fermented individually, yielding a distinctive palette of flavors from which Gemstone wines are built.